For example, in relatively high concentrations, H 2O 2 displays its strong ability of oxidization and proinflammation to disinfect wound tissue however, in comparatively low concentrations, H 2O 2 assists in removing cell and pathogen debris and promotes secretion of cytokines which help tissue regeneration. The biological effect of H 2O 2 is dose dependent during the wound-healing process. ![]() ![]() These diverse actions could explain the broad impact brought by H 2O 2. The transcription factors that receive the modulation of H 2O 2 are diverse, including Escherichia coli OxyR, NF-κB, activator protein-1, hypoxia-inducible factor-1, etc. H 2O 2 regulates gene expression through several ways: synthesis of more transcription factors inhibiting the ubiquitin E3 ligase complex or decreasing transcription factors associated with it to promote stability of the transcription factor exposing/masking nuclear localization signals and modulating transcription factor affinity towards deoxyribonucleic acid, coactivators, or repressors. Apart from killing microorganisms, H 2O 2 also serves as a signaling molecule or second messenger which delivers a damage message and stimulates effector cells to respond. Wound healing is a tightly controlled process in which H 2O 2 plays multiple functions. This dynamic change of H 2O 2 level accompanies the wound healing course and the concentration of H 2O 2 in wound tissue influences the outcome to a certain extent. When a cutaneous injury happens, the concentration of H 2O 2 in surrounding tissue rises immediately and then peaks and fades away. Although the present clinical use of H 2O 2 is still limited to the elimination of microbial contamination and sometimes hemostasis, better understanding towards the sterilization ability and cell behavior regulatory function of H 2O 2 within wounds will enhance the potential to exogenously augment and manipulate healing.Īmong various reactive oxygen species (ROS), hydrogen peroxide (H 2O 2) is relatively poorly reactive, which allows it to migrate further from its site of generation to serve as a signaling molecule or second messenger. Contrary to the traditional viewpoint that H 2O 2 probably impairs tissue through its high oxidative property, a proper level of H 2O 2 is considered an important requirement for normal wound healing. H 2O 2 has been reported to be a reactive biochemical molecule synthesized by various cells that influences biological behavior through multiple mechanisms: alterations of membrane potential, generation of new molecules, and changing intracellular redox balance, which results in activation or inactivation of different signaling transduction pathways. ![]() Hydrogen peroxide (H 2O 2) is a topical antiseptic used in wound cleaning which kills pathogens through oxidation burst and local oxygen production.
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